Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division Technical Session 2: Special Topics

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Erin Rowley, University at Buffalo

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

expertise of their teachers andfaculty.Zhu and Liu looked at teaching during COVID at Beijing Normal University in China but alsolooked to long-term visions [21]. They stated that there should be continued focus anddevelopment on open educational platforms and that additional training is needed for teachersand faculty to provide the best quality online education. Toquero also looked to the future ofhigher education in a post-COVID world, on how to “strengthen practices in the curriculum andmake it more responsive to the learning needs of the students even beyond the conventionalclassroom” [22]. It is interesting yet perhaps not entirely surprising that much of the COVID-19scholarship focused on both academic libraries and higher education in

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Anu Osta, Rowan University; Jennifer Kadlowec, Baldwin Wallace University; Alissa Papernik; Amanda Ferreira Dias-Liebold, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

task delegation. Ohland15 concludes that women build self-efficacy primarily through vicarious experience and verbal persuasion, whereas men are morelikely to develop self-efficacy through mastery experiences. Other observations made on thebasis of similar studies were Universities and other agencies have been trying for over a decadeto recruit and retain women into engineering by increasing outreach programs but studies havefound that to be unsuccessful. This is possibly due to a lack of understanding of whatengineering entails16. The misconceptions about engineering can be related to a lack of exposureto engineering while still in high school. When a female engineering student fails a course, it isnot unusual for her to view it as inability

Collection

2013 North Midwest Section Meeting

Authors

Nischal Adhikari; Sima Noghanian

ASEE-NMWSC2013-0031 Understanding Wireless Propagation Through Ray-Tracing Simulation Nischal Adhikari and Sima Noghanian Department of Electrical Engineering, University of North Dakota niischal@gmail.com, sima.noghanian@engr.und.eduAbstractThe field of wireless communication has become an important part of electrical engineeringundergraduate program. Due to developments in this field there is an increasing need forgraduates with good understanding of wireless channels. However, the electromagnetic fieldsand radio propagation has been regarded as a dry and

Conference Session

Computer Tutors, Simulation, and Videos

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward J. Berger, Purdue University; Edward A. Pan, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

, University of Virginia Dr. Pan currently develops training for the US Federal Government. He also teaches an online course for the Instructional Technology program at the University of Virginia. His prior work includes research and development of instructional technology for STEM education in pre-K - 12 and undergraduate-level engineering. Page 26.1700.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Video Resources and Peer Collaboration in Engineering Mechanics: Impact and Usage Across Learning OutcomesAbstractVideo resources, largely in the form of recorded

Conference Session

Laboratories and Computer Simulation in BME

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Thompson, Kansas State University; Steve Warren, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

biomedical engineering curriculum. At a conceptual level, the operationalprinciples of pulse oximetry are straightforward and easily conveyed in the classroom; pulseoximeters are therefore attractive for undergraduate hands-on laboratories. However, pulseoximeters intended for practical monitoring environments offer design challenges in the areas ofmotion artifact reduction, light excitation/collection geometries, wearability, power management,and physiological parameter extraction. This makes them ideal targets for educational designprojects and independent research efforts at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.3, 4 Page 12.115.2This paper

Conference Session

1553 FPD3 - Computer & Programming Tools in First Year Instruction

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Illig, Clarkson University; John Hrynuk, Clarkson University; Matthew Pennington, Clarkson University; John P. Dempsey, Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

National Academy of Engineering for their ITL Program at Boulder.3Clarkson began offering ES100 as an interdisciplinary course teaching MATLAB and LabVIEWduring the Spring 2005 semester; prior to this point in time the course had been run separately byeach of Clarkson’s engineering departments, and each department had used its own softwarepackages and focused on its own topics of interest. The reform of ES100 involved all fourengineering departments and was actively supported by the administration of the Coulter Schoolof Engineering. Two teams of faculty and graduate students were formed: one to work on theoverall curriculum issues and one to develop multi-disciplinary laboratory experiments. Thelecture portion of the course emphasized the use of

Conference Session

Solar, Wind, and Novel Energy-System Initiatives

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

batteriesand energy storage devices have improved significantly. However, this progress has not beenable to keep up with the development of microprocessors, memory storage, and sensors ofelectronic applications. Battery weight, lifespan and reliability often limit the abilities and therange of such applications of battery powered devices. These conventional devices weredesigned to be powered with batteries as required, but did not allow scavenging of ambientenergy as a power source. In contrast, development in wireless technology and other electroniccomponents are constantly reducing the power and energy needed by many applications. Ifenergy requirements of electronic components decline reasonably, then ambient energyscavenging and conversion could

Conference Session

Innovation in Construction Engineering Education II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erdogan Sener, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis; D. Tom Iseley, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Construction

. Page 14.362.9 Despite the limited size of five companies not necessarily constituting a statistically representative sample, statistical inferences were made in percentage terms to exhibit the nature of the responses. The research was conducted by means of a survey instrument developed with additions and modifications to existing company literature and documents, as well as, some new material, all reshaped to extract responses without undue demands on the part of people responding to the survey. The survey instrument consisted of several parts as follows: 1. General Questions 2. Specific Questions A. Equipment tracking B. Equipment utilization C. Equipment

Conference Session

International Exchange/Joint Programs in Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Masakatsu Matsuishi, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Wayne Sanders, Rose Hulman Institute Of Technology; Kazuya Takamata, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Tetsuro Furukawa, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Loo Ching Nong, Singapore Polytechnic

Tagged Divisions

International

cultural sensitivities in a foreign environment. This collaborativeproject provided a positive experience for students and also benefited the facultymembers. Educational visits by faculty from the three institutions have led to valuableexchanges of engineering design viewpoints.2. How the International Collaborative Project started2.1 Engineering Design Education at KITEDE started in 1996 with the assistance of American professors from RHIT, a sister Page 11.819.3school of KIT, and other US institutions. These professors worked with Japanese 2professors to develop two courses, Engineering Design I (ED I) and

Conference Session

Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Instruction

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen McClain, University of Alabama-Birmingham

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

MathCAD, MatLab, or EES [6]. From informal conversations with engineers who learned touse one of these computational tools, many of them continue to use these tools after graduation.Developing extensions or toolkits for software that the students will use after graduation seemsmore appropriate than developing complete software packages that will only be used by studentsin an educational environment. Because of the need for thermodynamic property functions forthe widely used computational tools, functions were generated to evaluate the thermodynamicproperties of water, R-134a, air, and twelve species of the CHON system in MathCAD.Equilibrium functions for eight independent reactions involving species of the CHON system arealso included. The

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computing

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tony Andrew Lowe, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Sean P. Brophy, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

, computer scientist and learning scientists. His research in engineering education and learning sciences explores how undergraduate engineering students develop skills in design, troubleshooting and analytical reasoning. He is particularly interested in how these skills develop through students’ interaction with technology. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Understandingtheimpactofstrategicteamformationinearly programmingeducationAbstractThis evidence based research looks at the impact of a team-based instruction on learning toprogram in a first year engineering course designed under the Bauhaus studio model. Each teamis formulated with a “more knowledgeable

Conference Session

COED: EE Topics

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Jamieson, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

, verilogTown, as an aid to students learning Verilog. The reason for such a game comes from our experiences teaching digital system design where we observed a challenge for second year students learning to design with the Verilog hardware description language (HDL). In this work, we speculate why it is hard to learn an HDL, claiming that like learning all languages, the students do not play/use the language enough to develop an understanding of them (including Verilog). A student’s typical process of learning Verilog includes class examples and assignments, labs, and a project, but like learning more traditional programming languages, until a learner spends significant time using a language to build something

Conference Session

MET Papers 2

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Orlando M, Ayala, Old Dominion University; Otilia Popescu, Old Dominion University; Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Ayala spent three years as a Postdoctoral Researcher at University of Delaware where he expanded his knowledge on simulation of multiphase flows while acquiring skills in high performance parallel computing and scientific computation. Before that, Dr. Ayala hold a faculty position at Universidad de Oriente at Mechanical Engineering Department where he taught and developed graduate and undergraduate courses for a number of subjects such as Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics, Multiphase Flows, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machinery, as well as Mechanical Engineering Laboratory courses. In addition, Dr. Ayala has had the opportunity to work for a number of engineering consulting companies, which have

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Vigyan Jackson Chandra, Eastern Kentucky University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology

knowledge andskills in the discipline.Rich Pictures (RP) is a diagrammatic way of identifying different views to create a common orshared understanding and is mainly a freeform drawing tool. [7], in the context of RP,recommend associating key legends with the pictures as this can make deciphering the truemeaning of the icons. In [8], cartoons serve to develop connections between the conceptscovered in a course on Dynamics and Fluid Mechanics. These can help the student grasp andalso retain the concepts. The instructor for the class created the cartoons, and this led toimproved engagement in the topics. The whimsical aspect of the cartoons helped students relateto the content. In the TED Talk [9], crafting a narrative out of data, or for that matter

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emre Tokgoz, Quinnipiac University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

determine cusp points by sketching the graphs of functions in the caseswhen they have insufficient conceptual knowledge.References 1. Asiala, M., Brown, A., DeVries, D. J., Dubinsky, E., Mathews, D., & Thomas K. (1996). A framework for research and curriculum development in undergraduate mathematics education. In J. Kaput, A. H. Schoenfeld, & E. Dubinsky (Eds.), Research in collegiate mathematics education II (p/. 1-32). Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society and Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. 2. Asiala, M., Cottrill, J., Dubinsky, E., & Schwingendorf, K. (1997). The Development of Students' Graphical Understanding of the Derivative. Journal of Mathematical Behavior

Conference Session

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies: BYOE Session

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gerald W. Recktenwald, Portland State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

power control or fan speed control is required. Students in an instrumentation or controlscourse could use the USB interface to the Arduino to collect data and/or reprogram the Arduino toperform feedback control.Six of the devices with varying sized heat sinks were used in a trial homework assignment in anundergraduate heat transfer course with 75 students in Spring 2015 and in another section of thesame course with 57 students in Winter 2016. At this point, we have no quantitative assessmentdata.OverviewThough laboratory exercises are a standard part of an engineering curriculum, there are a widevariety of ways that labs can be implemented. In recent years a number of simple experimentshave been developed that help to make laboratory

Conference Session

Promoting Engineering and Technological Literacy

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James W Malazita, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Dominic Francis Gelfuso; Dean Nieusma, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

Paper ID #16047Contextualizing 3D Printing’s and Photosculpture’s Contributions to Techno-Creative LiteraciesDr. James W Malazita, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute James Malazita is a Lecturer in Science and Technology Studies at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute whose work draws from Science and Technology Studies, Media Studies, Philosophy, and Literary Theory. Orig- inally trained as a game designer, animator, and web developer, Dr. Malazita applies design thinking to the social sciences, using both cultural studies and artistic methodologies to explore the relationships among humans, animals, machines, the environment

Conference Session

Assessing Learning Outcomes for Flipped Classrooms, Recruitment and Research Internships, and Alternate Assessments for Online Courses

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brittain Sobey, The University of Texas - Austin; Margo Cousins, The University of Texas - Austin; Mia K. Markey, The University of Texas - Austin; Stephanie Ruth Young M.Ed., The University of Texas - Austin

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

development advising, capstone projects program, industry partnerships, first-year interest groups, and other special programs.Dr. Mia K. Markey, The University of Texas - Austin Dr. Mia K. Markey is a Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Foundation Endowed Faculty Fellow in Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin as well as Adjunct Professor of Imaging Physics at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Dr. Markey is a 1994 graduate of the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy and has a B.S. in computational biology (1998). Dr. Markey earned her Ph.D. in biomedical engineering (2002), along with a certificate in bioinformatics, from Duke University. Dr. Markey has been recognized for

Conference Session

Construction Session 2: PM, BIM, and Collaboration

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seong Jin Kim, Minnesota State University; Namhun Lee, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Construction

There are three domains in the classroomenvironment; personal development dimensions in relation to the competition, systemmaintenance dimensions by the rule, order, and organization, and relationship dimensions byfriendly teacher, innovative, student-oriented teaching, and student affiliation.17 Some emphasison relationship, growth, and maintenance accelerates positive social and academic outcomes, buta strong focus on any one area can have negative or unintended outcomes.12 In a creativity-oriented classroom, four important characteristics of the supportive environment are relationshipbetween a teacher and students, assessment, openness and freedom of choice, and classroomactivities.5 With respect to the classroom environment/domains, the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eun Ah Lee, University of Texas at Dallas; Nicholas Gans, University of Texas, Dallas; Magdalena G Grohman, The University of Texas at Dallas; Marco Tacca, The University of Texas at Dallas; Matthew J. Brown PhD, Center for Values in Medicine, Science, and Technology
, The University of Texas at Dallas

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

the SRC team, a student ethicsadvisor joined the Helmet team for their second discussion.In the selected episode, the ethics advisor posed a question about the social implications of thehelmet design. He asked the team to consider the possibility that a young driver who becameoverly dependent on the information display system may have not develop necessary drivingskills for driving with a normal helmet or if the helmet failed. His question was met by theteam’s disapproval and resistance. Verbal responses included “I don’t think it’s an assumption atall,” and “I just think it’s ridiculous not designing this product because of the possibility thatsomeone forgets how to look at the dash.” The Helmet team appeared to think that they were

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 1: Methods Refresh: Approaches to Data Analysis in Engineering Education Research

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Wilson-Lopez, Utah State University; Angela Minichiello P.E., Utah State University; Theresa Green, Utah State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

, determined whether articles two reviewers was .74 as measured by& Burkey (2016) should be included in a Cohen’s kappa.” systematic review.Carberry & The research team “Changes to the rubric were made toMcKenna (2014) developed a rubric to code establish 100% interrater reliability each student’s response to between the two raters.” identify what type of models they mentioned and how they use models in design.Kilgore, Atman, The research team coded “The researchers, coding separately,Yasuhara, & students’ written responses achieved substantial agreement for both theMorozov

Conference Session

Software Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kyle D. Feuz, Weber State University; Linda DuHadway, Weber State University; Hugo Edilberto Valle, Weber State University; Richard C. Fry, Weber State University; Kim Marie Murphy, Weber State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Division

his Ph.D. in Physics in 2008 and MSc. in Physics in 2006, both from Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN). His research interests are in IoT devices, Data Visualization, Software Development for particle detectors, sensors, microelectronics, and embedded systems. Previously, he was a member of the PHENIX collaboration at RHIC.Dr. Richard C Fry, Weber State University Richard Fry is a full professor at Weber State University in the School of Computing. He is actively involved in service-learning research and continues to partner with both local and global community organizations to engage Computer Science students in building sustainable Software Engineering projects. In 2014, his students took 2nd place in a

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering in the Sophomore Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Uchenna Asogwa, The University of Toledo; Matthew W Liberatore, The University of Toledo; Timothy Ryan Duckett, The University of Toledo; Gale A Mentzer, Acumen Research and Evaluation, LLC

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

array of contextsto connect engineering fundamentals to visual situations, which can be motivating and interesting.Therefore, the engagement and productive learning from searching for, identifying, watching, andtranslating YouTube videos ties in well with cutting-edge research in neuroscience and learningscience [4, 12, 13]. 1The chemical engineering curriculum traditionally begins with a course in material and energybalances (MEB). MEB introduces the principles and techniques used in chemical engineering.MEB involves stoichiometry, material balances, and energy balances, i.e., calculations that requirebasic concepts of mathematics, physics and chemistry in solving problems. Material and

Conference Session

MIND Education Trends

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University; Dana Newell, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

course. The NACME students continued to meet during the springsemester, but then only one hour a week, every other week. The spring class was offered eachmeeting twice to accommodate the students’ schedules. The early meetings focused on theresources available through Career Services and on developing their resumes.A discussion of the spring semester program, an overall evaluation of the first year of theprogram, and the retention problems encountered with the first group of students werediscussed.3 The average high school GPA of the entering students was 3.51. The average GPAof the group after one semester was 3.04, ranging from 1.42 to 4.0. Additional topics, includingthe diversity issues overcome with the selection of the second NACME class

Conference Session

Two-Year College Division Transfer Topics Part I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Mobley, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Clemson University; Catherine E. Brawner, Research Triangle Educational Consultants

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

Paper ID #6712Engineering Transfer Students’ Views on Orientation and AdvisingDr. Catherine Mobley, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Clemson University Dr. Mobley is a Professor of Sociology at Clemson University. In recent years, her research has focused on science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education, sustainability, environmental sociology, and policy and advocacy. Her focus is on identifying the human factors (cultural, social, economic and political) that influence environmental and educational policies. She has more than 15 years experience in developing surveys (traditional and web

Conference Session

Beyond BS: Issues Affecting Graduate Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zsuzsa Balogh, Metropolitan State University of Denver; Marvin E. Criswell P.E., Colorado State University; Michael A De Miranda, Colorado State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Delphi method can be used toinvestigate and predict what does not yet exist [9], [10], and [11]. In this study, a basic Delphi methodis adapted to the formation of a group consensus. The use of the Delphi method in graduate research has been most extensive in themedical field. However, it has been employed in several engineering-related areas such asindustrial engineering [12]. The goal of this research was to create a Masters-Level structuralengineering curriculum framework recommendation with the input of experts in the structuralengineering professional field in the United States. The characteristics of the Delphi method asdescribed in the literature are a good fit to the needs of this study.Limitations of the study were: Size of the

Conference Session

Choice and Persistence in Engineering Education and Careers

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joanna Wolfe, Carnegie Mellon University; Beth A. Powell, Tennessee Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

calls attention to the negative impacts of left-of-center grading on femaleengineering students. We define left-of-center grading as a specific norm-referenced (i.e.,curved) grading practice where the exam median grade is below 50%. We interviewed 83engineering students, faculty, and professionals about their perceptions of left-of-center grading.Our results indicate that left-of-center grading is common in the engineering curriculum, with allbut three participants reporting direct experience with the practice, and that female students aresignificantly more likely than their male peers to find the practice discouraging. While manyparticipants stated that left-of-center grading motivates and challenges students, they overallcited more cons than

Conference Session

Ethical Behavior in Academia and Beyond

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adeel Khalid, Southern Polytechnic State University (ENG); Beth Stutzmann, RLC- Research Learning Community, Southern Polytechnic State University; Margaret Loraine Lowder, Southern Polytechnic State University; Mir M. Atiqullah, Kennesaw State University; Rajnish Singh, Southern Polytechnic State University; Craig A. Chin, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

courses asshown in Figure 11. A student might be tempted to cheat in a required course because they donot have interest in the course. In the elective courses, the percentage is smaller because studentschoose to take those courses and are therefore naturally interested in learning the subject matter –which decreases the temptation to cheat. This indicates another possible remedy of restructuringthe curriculum by creating flexibility and letting students choose their own path. One way to dothis might be to have multiple course offerings and options. In terms of the value of theassessment, most students indicate that cheating occurs in both high and low value assessmentsas seen in Figure 12. Additionally, 47% of the students indicate that cheating

Conference Session

Improving Communication Skills in ME

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Theresa Jones

it comes to applying the scientific content they have studied. But how do engineeringeducators develop this necessary common sense in their students? Since the 1970’s, capstone “Proceedings of the 2003 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Page 8.324.1 Copyright © 2003, American Society for Engineering Education”engineering design courses, where students are provided the opportunity to practice using theircommon sense as they apply physical principles towards real-world design applications, havebecome an accepted part of many engineering programs. But why wait until their

Conference Session

Computer-Based Learning Models

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mihaela Vorvoreanu, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

of Science Education and Technology 16, 325-336, doi:10.1007/s10956-007-9055-5.13 Ratto, M., Shapiro, R. B., Truong, T. M. & Griswold, W. G. in International Conference of Computer Support for Collaborative Learning. 477-486.14 Fitch, J. L. Student feedback in the college classroom: A technology solution. Educational Technology Research and Development 52, 71-77, doi:10.1007/BF02504773 (2004).15 Junco, R., Heiberger, G. & Loken, E. The effect of Twitter on college student engagement and grades. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 27, 119-132 (2011).16 Kiaer, L., Mutchler, D. & Froyd, J. Laptop computers in an integrated first-year curriculum. Communications of the ACM 41, 45-49 (1998).17 Vorvoreanu