Conference Session

The Impact of Engineering Disciplines

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Malady, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Whitney Bopp, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Alexa Jones, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Brittany McNair, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Kim Norris, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Amy Bell, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

, MA, 2003.[5] National Science Foundation, “Program for Gender Equity in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics: A Brief Retrospective, 1993-2001,” NSF 02-107, www.nsf.gov, 2002.[6] I. F. Goodman, C. M. Cunningham and C. Lachapelle, “The Women’s Experiences in College Engineering (WECE) Project,” Report published by the Goodman Research Group, www.grginc.com, April 2002.[7] E. Seymour and N.M. Hewitt, Talking About Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences, Westview Press, 1997.[8] M. J. Johnson and S. D. Sheppard, “Relationships Between Engineering Student and Faculty Demographics and Stakeholders Working to Affect Change,” ASEE Journal of Engineering Education, pp. 139-150, April 2004.[9] J. Teague, “Women in

Collection

2021 First-Year Engineering Experience

Authors

Kristine K. Craven, Tennessee Technological University; Laura Cruz; Jennifer Renee Meadows

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Technology.Barr, R. E. (2012). Engineering graphics educational outcomes for the global engineer: An update. Engineering Design Graphics Journal, 76(3), 8–12.Duffy, G., Farrell, S., Harding, R., Behan, A., Raighne, A. M., Howard, R., Nevin, E., & Bowe, B. (2015). The effects of spatial skills and spatial skills training on academic performance in STEM education. The 6th Research in Engineering Education Symposium. Symposium conducted at the meeting of School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Dublin, Ireland.Gold, A. U., Pendergast, P. M., Ormand, C. J., Budd, D. A., Stempien, J. A., Mueller, K. J., & Kravitz, K. A. (2018). Spatial skills in undergraduate students—Influence of gender

Collection

2021 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Meeting

Authors

Paige Janae Harvey, Morgan State University; Otily Toutsop, Morgan State University; Kevin Kornegay, Morgan State University

countermeasure(s) to defend their assigned system architecture. School’s Network Lab’s Network Figure 2. Summer 2020 Remote Attack Scenario 1bProject 2 aimed to introduce the concept of cyber resilience, which suggests that a device’sfunctionality will not be affected in the presence of a cyber-related event, through hands-on-experience executing and defending against a cyber security attack(s). The target for this attackscenario was a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine, located on a networked-raspberry pi, serving as an access point, with a display screen, for data

Conference Session

Micro-/Nano-Technology Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nebojsa Jaksic, Colorado State University-Pueblo

Tagged Divisions

Materials

empirical formula for volumetric materialremoval rate in electric discharge machining22, I MRR = K 1.23 Tmwhere MRR is metal removal rate in mm3/s; K is constant of proportionality equal to 664; I isdischarge current in A, and Tm is melting point of work metal in ºC. While the published formulaapplies to a material removal process only, due to the nature of the process it can be extrapolatedthat the same process variables (I, and Tm) apply for carbon nanotube manufacturing. Theempirical material removal rate formula is to be augmented as the results dictate. Based on thecurrent prices of carbon, and the cost of electrical energy as found from students’ electrical bills,an economical analysis is to be

Conference Session

Reaching Students: Innovations to Curriculum in ET

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sangram Redkar, Arizona State University; Scott Danielson, Arizona State University; Bradley Rogers, Arizona State University; Trian Georgeou, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

" ど " " " V e h i c l e e r r a i n s V e h i c l e h a s s i s t P o w

Conference Session

Educational Research

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Reid, Ohio Northern University; P.K. Imbrie, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

collected prior to the beginning ofthe first year of study to answer the following research questions:- To what extent do the data collected for this study support the Gender Similarity Hypothesis?- For characteristics which show a difference, is there evidence that these differences are decreasing over this four year period?Background:Prior to the 1980’s, theories that male students were superior to female students in mathematicalability were widely accepted. For example, in 1974, Maccoby and Jacklin5 wrote “Boys excel inmathematical ability” under the heading “Sex Differences That Are Fairly Well Established.” Page 14.612.2They state that

Conference Session

Project-Based Student Learning: Part II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dale Litwhiler, Pennsylvania State University, Berks; Frances Jallu, Pennsylvania State University, Berks

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

temperature sensor produces an output voltage of 10mV/°F. Figure 6. Data sample after analysis.Figure 6 shows a sample of actual student analyzed data corresponding to the same intervalshown previously in the raw data of Figure 5. Student analyzed data for the full daylight periodis plotted in Figure 7. The electrical engineering technology students were asked to determinethe time(s) of the maximum solar panel and battery voltage and current as well as the maximumsolar panel output power. Figure 7 also shows this tabulated information. The students werealso required to write a summary of the events that are detectible in the data. Events such aswhen the audio system was used, time of sunrise, sunset, cloudy periods, etc

Conference Session

Implementation of Experiments in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Pung, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

view the inside of the boxes the students werepleased and somewhat surprised.The question of whether a fractional factorial design could have been used was aunanimous ‘yes’. A one half or even one quarter design would have yielded verysimilar results.This opinion was validated by comparing the main effect plots for the fullfactorial and ½ fractions DOE’s. The main effects for the full factorial and ½fraction are shown below in figures 3 and 4. Main Effects Plot (data means) for S/M/E Blue Green 60 Mean of Stephanie/Mark/Erynne 50

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tzu-Liang Tseng; Thompson Sarkodie-Gyan, University of Texas, El Paso; Jianmei Zhang, University of Texas, El Paso

Module Module Course Development AA-0001 (Module 1; S) AA-0002 (Module 2; S+H) AA-0003 (Module 3,4,5 and 8; S + H) AA-0004/BB-0001(Module 3, 4 and 6; S+H) BB-0002 (Module 6, 7; S) BB-0003 (Module 6, 7; S) Note: S (Software); H(Hardware) Quasi Web Based Delivery Mechanism 1. Synchronized: Face to Face Lectures (p%) 2. Asynchronized: Audio/Video Embedded in Power Point Slides (1-P)% Summer workshop/Seminar At the e-Manufacturing

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Pamela Brown; Harry Sills

. The mixture then passes through an adiabatic flash valve and goes to a perfect phase separator, S-2. The vapor leaving the phase separator is parially condensed when it is used as the heat transfer fluid in H- 1. It is further condensed by passing through heat exchanger H-3. The stream then enters a phase separator where the Page 1.144.1 product, 1000 lb. moles/hr (454 kg. mole/hr) of 99 mole% propylene at 30 psia is ?@xij 1996 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings ‘..+,Ryy

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Donald N. Merino; D. W. Merino

and money. These iterations are muchmore costly than getting it right the first time. Market Research Market Rresearch Pro duct Characteristic s + Product Characteristics v Engineering Planned selling price less desired profit w I Sup plier Pricing

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Paul F. Packman; Charles M. Lovas

.— -- . . . ..— Section 2625 ..... Enhancement of Faculty Design Capabilities Charles M. Lovas, Paul F. Packman SEAS/Southern Methodist University Abstract A crucial factor affecting U. S. productivity is the decline in the quality of engineering design. Theresponse of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology to the pressures to strengthen under-graduate design requirements has not only not improved design education

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Jay Jones; Rebecca K. Toghiani; Hossein Toghiani

properties with respect to their ability toextract solutes from complex matrices [Hawthorne and Miller, 1987]. The basis for predicting the volubility of a solute in a supercritical fluid solvent is the equivalence of fugacitiesfor the particular solute in each phase: (1)where the superscript s represents the solid phase and f the supercritical fluid phase. If the volubility of thesupercritical fluid in the solid phase is assumed negligible, then the fugacity of the solute in the solid phase, ~is, isequal to the fugacity of the pure solute, ~,s. The fugacity of the pure solute in the solute phase is evaluated using[Modell and Reid, 1983

Conference Session

Innovations in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ning Fang, Utah State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

., Barnes, S., Coe, S., Reinhard, C., and Subramania, K., “Globalization and the Undergraduate Manufacturing Engineering Curriculum,” 2002, ASEE Journal of Engineering Education 91, pp. 255-261.[2] National Association of Manufacturing, “Keeping America Competitive: How A Talent Shortage Threats U.S. Manufacturing,” a white paper on http://www.nam.org/~/media/Files/s_nam/docs/226500/226411.pdf.ashx, accessed October 6, 2008.[3] Bee, D., and Meyer, B., “Opportunities and Challenges for Manufacturing Engineering,” 2007, Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, June 24-27, 2007, Honolulu, HI.[4] Waldorf, D., Alptekin, S., and Bjurman, R., “Plotting a Bright Future for Manufacturing

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Measurements: Innovative Course Development

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Farrow, University of Tennessee-Martin

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

material properties and verify the results with known values ofpressure from the internet and/or canning facilities. Multiple brands of soda are analyzed and asingle factor ANOVA is performed to determine if soda brand has any effect on internalpressure. A demonstration of mounting strain gages is given by the instructor.Reports are due the week following the lab sessions. The instructor is usually able to providefeedback within a week after submission, and makes every effort to do so.Table 2 shows how the labs are related to the earlier-listed course topics. Table 2. Relation of Laboratory Experiences to Course Topics p => primary topic of lab s =>

Conference Session

Mechanical ET Curriculum

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald Earley, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

software of the profile of a two dimensional plate cam. Figure 1 P r o b l e m 3 -4 6 s u m X --> A (8 . 8 4 ) + C ( 3 . 7 5 ) + B ( 1 3 ) = 2 5 . 5 9 s u m Y --> A ( 8 . 8 4 ) + C ( -6 . 5 ) + B (-7 . 5 ) = -5 . 1 6 R = s q r t (2 5 . 5 9 ^ 2 + 5 . 1 6 ^ 2 ) = 2 6 . 1 t h e t a = i n v t a n ( -5 . 1 6 / 2 5 . 5 9 ) = -1 1 . 4 d e g Page 11.1334.4 Figure 2

Conference Session

ECET Curriculum

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elaine Cooney, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Administration requirements, andeven taking attendance at schools. The compact size of the readers (the size of a text book),affordability of the tags (less than $1 each), and usability of the reader software makes this anideal technology for use in the teaching laboratory. Introducing RFID into the ECET curriculumserves two purposes: it teaches modern tools of the industry, and it gives a practical way to teachimportant radio frequency concepts.How RFID worksThere are four main components in an RFIDsystem: the interrogator or reader, the antenna(s)connected to interrogator, a computer interface,and the tag. (See Figure 1) The interrogator,antenna, and interface will all be part of aninstallation or a handheld system, while the tagwill be attached in

Conference Session

Reflection

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xingya Xu, George Mason University; Lori C. Bland, George Mason University; Stephanie Marie Kusano, University of Michigan; Aditya Johri, George Mason University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.References1. Borkowski, J. G., Carr, M., & Pressley, M. (1987). “Spontaneous” strategy use: Perspectives from metacognitive theory. Intelligence, 11(1), 61-75.2. Bransford, J. D., Brown, A., & Cocking, R. (1999). How people learn: Mind, brain, experience, and school. Washington, DC: National Research Council.3. Chopra, S. K., Shankar, P. R., & Kummamuru, S. (2013, August). MAKE: A framework to enhance metacognitive skills of engineering students. In Teaching, Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2013 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 612-617). IEEE.4. Cross, D. R., &

Conference Session

CoED Mechanical Engineering Topics

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Michael Mahoney, Penn State Berks ; Rungun Nathan, Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

and recorded these as the naturalfrequencies, again assuming no damping in the system. The values from the multiple trials wereaveraged together to find the experimental values.Sample Student WorkUsing the theory, the dimensions of the bar and the material properties, students found the naturalfrequencies for principal axes designated as 𝑥 and 𝑧 in Table 1. Table 1: Analytically-Determined Natural Frequencies 𝜔𝑛 x-axis (rad/s) z-axis (rad/s) 1 617 494 2 1702 1361 3 3336 2669 4 5514

Conference Session

Career Development in Engineering: From Higher Education to Industry

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ben David Lutz, Virginia Tech; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

scenarioscan and do create spaces for workplace learning. Moreover, the examples they provided arelargely idealized and do not account for the full range of experiences newcomer engineersencounter. Thus, analysis included working recursively through the data, literature, and examplesto develop operational definitions of each variable. We deconstructed the examples provided byJacobs and Park (2009) to develop functional criteria that could be applied to journal entries todetermine the location, structure, and role of facilitator(s) within each entry, as described below.Determining location of learningJacobs and Park (2009) define on-the-job as learning that occurs “near or at the actual worksetting,” but also emphasize experienced-based learning in on

Conference Session

Teaching Statics, Dynamics, and Mechanics of Materials

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yan Tang, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

Cartesian coordinate system with the originat the initial position and upward as the positive 𝑦-direction.Example: The skier leaves the 20°surface at 10 m/s. Determine the distance 𝑑to the point where he lands [Example 13.7 in 3]. Table 1 Solution and Cognitive Load Analysis Solution Cognitive Load Analysis 𝑎𝑥 = 0, 𝑎𝑦 = −9.81 m/s2 Most students should be familiar with it so it will not be counted as a new item. 𝑣𝑥 = 10 ⋅ cos 20∘ m/s, No new item is introduced as most students should be able to figure

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Adetoun Yeaman, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University ; Diana Bairaktarova, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Kenneth Reid, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

understanding of empathy has also been pursued in the fields ofengineering and technology for purposes relating to the ability of robotic technologies to imitatehuman abilities [8]–[10]. In our study, we focus on the aspect of empathy research concernedwith the ability of people to consider how their decisions affect others.Service learning (S-L) is a well-studied approach to teaching and learning [11]–[16]. It is one ofseveral pedagogies for engaging students in learning. In this study, by service learning we meana learning environment where students are taking a course for credit, serving a community aspart of the course and reflecting on their experience also as a component of the course [12], [17].S-L has been identified as a helpful pedagogy for

Conference Session

Student Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Hassan Ali Al Yagoub, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Student

Literature Review of the Upbringing Influence on Spatial Ability References 1) Bandura, A., “Self-efficacy: Toward a Unified Theory of Behavioral Change”, Psychological Review, Vol. 84, 1977, pp. 191-215. 2) Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman. 3) Berger, P., & Luckmann, T. (1966). The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 4) Dabbs Jr, J. M., Chang, E. L., Strong, R. A., & Milun, R. (1998). Spatial ability, navigation strategy, and geographic knowledge among men and women. Evolution and Human Behavior, 19(2), 89-98. 5) DeLamater, J. D., & Hyde, J. S. (1998

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Reza Rahdar, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Ghazal Barari, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Yuetong Lin, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Ryan Goyings, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

Military and Veterans

more of the following characteristics: resilience self-organization, and hierarchy. • Focus on the mentor and mentee’s needs––two-way communication. Mentor should look to improve the mentee’s prospects while respecting the his/her personal life circumstances and perspective. • Pursue and use help and support from facilitators and program staff.References [1] S. A. Ginder, J. E. Kelly-Reid, and F. B. Mann, “Enrollment and employees in postsecondary institutions, fall 2017; and financial statistics and academic libraries, fiscal year 2017”, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, Tech. Rep., 2019. [2] A. Radford, A. Bentz, R. Dekker, and J. Paslov, “After the post-9/11 GI bill: A profile of military service members and veterans

Conference Session

Course Design, Course Projects, and Student Perceptions in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nicolas Hudon, Queen's University; Louise Meunier P.Eng., Queen's University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

):63–85, 2000. [2] D. H. Jonassen. Learning to Solve Problems: An Instructional Design Guide. Instructional Technology and Training Series. Pfeiffer, San Francisco, CA, 2004. [3] D. H. Jonassen. Learning to Solve Problems: A Handbook for Designing Problem-solving Learning Environment. Routhledge, New York, NY, 2011. [4] D. R. Woods, A. N. Hrymak, R. R. Marshall, P. E. Woods, C. M. Crowe, T. W. Hoffman, J. D. Wright, P. A. Taylor, K. A. Woodhouse, and C. G. K. Bouchard. Developing problem solving skills: The McMaster problem solving program. Journal of Engineering Education, 86(2):75–91, 1997. [5] P. C. Wankat and F. S. Oreovicz. Teaching Engineering. Purdue University Press, 2nd edition, 2015. [6] D. R. Woods. An evidence-based

Conference Session

Lessons Learned about Faculty Development!

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Elise A. Frickey, Iowa State University; Diane T. Rover, Iowa State University; Joseph Zambreno, Iowa State University; Ashfaq A Khokhar, Iowa State University; Douglas W. Jacobson, Iowa State University; Lisa M. Larson Ph.D., Iowa State University; Mack Shelley, Iowa State University of Science and Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division

material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. References[1] M. F. Fox, “Women and men faculty in academic science and engineering: Social- organizational indicators and implications,” American Behavioral Scientist, vol. 53, no. 7, pp. 997–101, 2010.[2] M. Sabharwal and E. A. Corley, "Faculty job satisfaction across gender and discipline," The Social Science Journal vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 539-556, September, 2009.[3] Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Postsecondary Teachers, on the Internet at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and- library/postsecondary-teachers.htm

Conference Session

Assessment and Research Tools

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carey Whitehair; Catherine G.P. Berdanier, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

thatacademic preparation is typically not one of the main reasons for attrition 4,5. In other words, moststudents who leave academia choose to leave because of their own personal decision, not becausethey failed qualifying exams or are doing poorly in their courses 5–7. Indeed, Barnes et al.’s 8,9studies of graduate attrition showed that the attributions that professors give for their students thatleave are different than the rationale that the corresponding non-completing students give forleaving. The misalignment, misunderstanding, or attribution bias that may exist (from both parties)is worthy of study and is likely due to the issues that have arisen with sampling a sensitivepopulation.Further, most attrition literature takes a sociological view of

Conference Session

Scaling class size and technology – New Engineering Educators Division

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Allen Hayden Ph.D., Indiana State University; Randell W. Peters, Indiana State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

otheractivities. By practicing what you teach, you can efficiently accomplish the teaching,scholarship, and service goals necessary for promotion and tenure and have a fruitful andenjoyable career. Reference List[1] R. Brent, R. Felder, S. Rajala, J. Gilligan and G. Lee, "New faculty 101: an orientation to theprofession [engineering teacher training]," 31st Annual Frontiers in Education Conference.Impact on Engineering and Science Education. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37193),Reno, NV, 2001, pp. S3B-1-3 vol.3. doi: 10.1109/FIE.2001.964046 [Accessed Jan. 11, 2018].[2] C. Lucas, J. Murry, “Teaching: Lectures and Discussion,” in New Faculty. New York:Palgrave Macmillan, 2011, pp. 39-63.[3] J. Pedersen, G

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Justin L Hess, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Charles Feldhaus, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Maher E. Rizkalla P.E., Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Mangilal Agarwal, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

participated in this six-week nanotechnology summer research program in 2015 and who then integratednanotechnology into the classroom over the 2015-2016 academic school year. Second, we reportobservational data from five teachers’ nano-lessons by using a modified version of the ScienceTeacher Inquiry Rubric (STIR).5 Third, using the Student Attitudes toward STEM (S-STEM)survey,6 we present changes in these teachers’ students’ attitudes towards STEM, as well aschanges in students’ perceptions of their own 21st century skills. Lastly, we report changes instudents’ reported interests in 12 STEM careers.Table 1. Overview of Research Evaluation Questions and Methods Research Evaluation Questions Method Participant Q1

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division: Capstone Design Practices

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Corey T. Schimpf, Concord Consoritum; Xudong Huang, Concord Consortium; Charles Xie; Zhenghui Sha, University of Arkansas; Joyce E. Massicotte, Concord Consortium

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

responsibilities for the design challengeInstructional Design Agents RoleWhat is the role of an instructional design agent? The instructional design agent’s role can bedefined as the set of responsibilities and activities that fall within an agent’s intended purpose,which when viewed holistically, demarcate its position or part to play within the designchallenge.In light of this definition, we turn to three points of consideration needed to develop this role:what design intelligence will the agent(s) embody, what specific types of roles will the designagent(s) assume and how many design agents should be employed.We discuss the design intelligence agents embody first, as this has implications for the