Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katrina Donovan, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Jon Kellar, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Michael West, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Cassandra Birrenkott, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Stuart Kellogg, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Deborah Mitchell, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Matthew Whitehead, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

Materials Engineering CurriculumAbstractThe research will create an academic program (curricular and co-curricular components) thatintegrates art concepts into an undergraduate engineering program. The goals of the program areincreased student innovation, creativity, collegiality, and entrepreneurship, all while broadeningthe undergraduate talent pool.The programmatic elements are focused on integration of arts in STEM (i.e. STEAM) to achievethe stated goals. The centerpiece is the infusion of STEAM content into laboratories and coursesdistributed throughout a model engineering program in Metallurgical Engineering. Curricularmodifications will be facilitated through involvement of a Resident Artist who will be

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cara Poor, University of Portland; Kyla Burrill; Mason Jarvis

smalleruniversities). The hydrology apparatus used by Poor and Miller (2016) was on the order of$50,000. This leads to the instructor either gathering all students around the equipment for ademonstration, or scheduling students to use the equipment at different times. When there is onlyone piece of lab equipment, students often become disengaged. Studies in mechanicalengineering have demonstrated that laboratory experiments conducted with smaller, lessexpensive equipment in small groups greatly increased student engagement3,4,5. Smaller, lessexpensive desktop modules may help improve student engagement and provide students withmore hands-on experience.In this study, we developed 5 small, desktop constructed wetlands modules. The modules fit onthe lab tables

Conference Session

ECE Division Technical Session 8: Effective Teaching and Learning in Post-Pandemic Classrooms and Other Curricular Innovations

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Asad Azemi, University of Wisconsin - Platteville; Xiaoguang Ma, University of Wisconsin - Platteville; Fang Yang, University of Wisconsin - Plattevile; John Goomey, University of Wisconsin - Platteville; David Andersen, University of Wisconsin - Platteville

application of artificial intelligence techniques in power system control.John Goomey (Senior Lecturer) John Goomey earned his Master of Science in Electrical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and his Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering and Bachelor of Science in Physics from the University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee. He is an instructor and the University of Wisconsin-Platteville teaching a variety of courses in analog and digital electronics, with a special interest in semiconductor devices.David Andersen David Andersen is a Laboratory Manager at the University of Wisconsin-Platteville. He received his B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Platteville. He has gained experience

Conference Session

ECE Division Technical Session 8: Effective Teaching and Learning in Post-Pandemic Classrooms and Other Curricular Innovations

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Firas Hassan, Ohio Northern University; Ahmed Ammar, Ohio Northern University; Heath LeBlanc, Ohio Northern University

Engineering and Computer Science (ECCS) programs at Ohio Northern University(ONU). The course covers arithmetic operations, combinational logic, sequential logic,applications of combinational and sequential logic, controller/dataflow design, and introduction tocomputer architecture. It is a 4-credit hour, 15-week semester course with three hours of classroominstruction and activities, and three hours of laboratory experience each week. Starting in thespring semester of 2020, the course became a first-year course for all ECCS programs; in theprevious curriculum, it was taken at the sophomore level.Moving the course to the first year of the curriculum necessitates more strongly consideringstudent motivation and ways to engage students to be excited

Conference Session

Remote Pedagogy in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheng-jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Paper ID #36669Remote Machine Vision Lab Design and Evaluation using AIbased Mobile RobotSheng-jen Hsieh (Professor) Dr. Sheng-Jen (“Tony”) Hsieh is a Professor in the College of Engineering at Texas A&M University. He holds a joint appointment with the Department of Engineering Technology and the Department of Mechanical Engineering. His research interests include engineering education, cognitive task analysis, automation, robotics and control, intelligent manufacturing system design, and micro/nano manufacturing. He is also the Director of the Rockwell Automation laboratory at Texas A&M University, a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuan Li, University of Florida; Peyton Turinetti, University of Florida; Sarah Furtney, University of Florida; Chelsey Simmons, University of Florida; Renee Simmons

nation that incorporate the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). NGSS developedtheir standards based on A Science Framework for K-12 Science Education which emphasizesthe importance of integrating science and engineering practice, crosscutting concepts, anddisciplinary core ideas. We hope our program will provide K-5 educators with the tools andconfidence to create and publish curricula to TE to improve STEM education locally andnationally.MethodsIn the three previous offerings of our program, we followed a decentralized Scientist-TeacherPartnership (STP) model in which the individual teachers are embedded in research laboratories,paired with a graduate student scientist mentor, and participate as contributing members of theresearch group

Conference Session

ETD - STEM Issues in ET I

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Austin Asgill, Kennesaw State University; Cyril Okhio, Clark Atlanta University

Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Virtual Problem-Based-Learning Instruction in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic – What Could Possibly Go Wrong & What Can One Do About It?AbstractEven under normal conditions, it can be challenging to utilize online or distance learningenvironments to offer technical degree programs such as Electrical and Computer Engineering(ECE) or Electrical Engineering Technology (EET). These programs normally require hands-on-laboratory expositions (albeit in 2D) to help students grasp the complex concepts and to developtheir practical skills and competencies.The COVID-19 Pandemic has exposed teaching institutions and faculty in some of these

Conference Session

PCEE Session 3: Robotics and Design Competitions

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University; Jason McKenna, VEX Robotics; Lauren Harter, VEX Robotics

robot arm (shown in Figure 1a), changing the end-of-arm-tooling (EOAT),and adding multiple conveyors and sensors (shown in Figure 1b). This gives students experiencein not just building the robot arm itself, but the entirety of a small sized manufacturing workcellmodel. Figure 1a: The Lab 1 Build (the robotic arm), 1b: The Lab 11 Build (the robotic arm as well as the conveyors and sensors)The different builds are provided in Build Instructions that guide the user through step-by-stepbuilding (shown in Figure 2). This makes the barrier of entry low for those that may not have anyexperience building in general, building with metal, or using tools. Table 1 below summarizesthe 12 laboratories associated with VEX V5

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Technical Session - Best Diversity Paper

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karl Kienitz; Rubens Afonso, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica; Wesley Oliveira, Institute De Aeronautica Ita; Flávio Luiz Cardoso-Ribeiro, Institute De Aeronautica Ita

three main curricular components, namely: a) Classroom activities (classes) – students are required to complete at least 144 credits, with each credit2 being equivalent to a 50-minutes lecture or supervised laboratory experiment. In the Institute’s Catalog [8], every year the CTP publishes a list of the eligible courses offered. As of 2022, 41 courses are listed, out of which: i. two are offered as optional undergraduate classes, one by the Electronics Engineering and the other by the Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Program; ii. 39 are offered as graduate courses, out of which 19 are from the Electronics and Computer Engineering Graduate Program, 19 from the

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 12: Work-in-Progress Postcard Session #1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacques Richard, Texas A&M University; Janie Moore, Texas A&M University

. The first-course in engineering for entering students became anintroduction to programming where each week consists of one hour of lecture and three hours ofin-class programming laboratory activities. The Computer Science faculty developed the contentfor this course. The course would provide sufficient understanding of computer logic and good,structured, modular programming habits to be a foundation and base level of preparation for anyother supplemental languages that students may end up mostly using when problem-solving inconsequent courses of their major disciplines.MethodsSettingThe on-campus physical classroom environment is the typical format for Fall 2019. A versioncombining the onsite physical classroom concurrently with a virtual

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Keith Stein, Bethel University; Grace Riermann

Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com A Low-Cost, Portable, Smartphone Schlieren Imaging SystemAbstract We introduce a smartphone schlieren imaging system for application in theundergraduate fluid mechanics laboratory. This system provides a low-cost schlieren imagingalternative for project-based learning and is based on a single-mirror setup, with the smartphoneflash serving as the light source and the smartphone camera as the detector. Adjustable mountsfor the smartphone and mirror are 3D printed and secured to a common base, allowing for theapparatus to be relocated as a single, portable system. Situations involving refractive indexvariations, such as

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nazli Aslican Wodzinski, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Stephen Druschel, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Matthew Simones, Minnesota State University, Mankato

. The university cancelledaccess to most campus laboratories and brought a halt to all experimental research conducted inthese facilities. Moreover, a significant number of undergraduate students lost their internshipsfor Summer 2020. With these two substantial changes, CTRI created the Summer UndergraduateResearch Experience (SURE) program. CTRI contacted a donor who donated a funding for asingle undergraduate research project (pre-COVID) and asked to make changes in the fundingprocess to benefit multiple students. With the adaptation approved by the donor, the researchcenter asked the faculty to submit proposals for undergraduate research projects that theresearchers can conduct at their homes.The proposals requested projects to employ 1 – 4

Conference Session

CIT Division Technical Session #11

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peng Li, East Carolina University

the survey, we plan to add more detailed feedback tosome questions on Canvas and provide more instructions on how to troubleshoot problems inhands-on labs to help students learn better.REFERENCES[1] R. T. Abler, D. Contis, J. B. Grizzard, and H. L. Owen, "Georgia tech information security center hands-on network security laboratory," IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 82-87, 2006, doi: 10.1109/TE.2005.858403.[2] J. C. Brustoloni, "Laboratory experiments for network security instruction," J. Educ. Resour. Comput., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 5–es, 2006, doi: 10.1145/1248453.1248458.[3] P. Li and T. Mohammed, "Integration of virtualization technology into network security laboratory," in 2008 38th Annual

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session: Pedagogy and Curriculum

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waterloo Tsutsui, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Kenneth Park; Christopher Sculley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Ian Copenhaver, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Marcial Gonzalez; Wayne Chen; George Takahashi; Michael Sangid

part of mechanics courses.1. IntroductionIn Spring 2020–Spring 2021, we implemented virtual labs (VLs) enabling the opportunity forvisualizing deformation and stress to enhance the quality of aerospace structures education forstudents who are enrolled in the AAE 35201 Structural Analysis I Laboratory course at PurdueUniversity in West Lafayette, IN. The visualization effort went hand-in-hand with theinteractive VL modules that we implemented in the prior year (i.e., Spring 2019–Spring 2020)[1] at Purdue University. The VLs with enhanced visualization offered the users a physical senseof how the virtual and hands-on lab activities are connected to the aerospace structuresapplications. In this paper, our objective is to share our experience

Conference Session

ETD - A Technology Potpourri III

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Luis Trueba, Texas State University; Anthony Torres, Texas State University

Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Incorporating a Milestone-Based Project Based Learning Method in a Foundry Course AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the impact of a milestone-based project-basedlearning (PBL) methodology incorporated in a metal casting (foundry) course. The course, whichcontains a hands-on laboratory portion, was designed as a full semester learning experience forstudents, which integrates a PBL pedagogy to facilitate learning. The students worked in teamsthroughout the semester, constantly contributing to the completion of their projects. Theintervention of this teaching

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arash Jamshidi, University of California, Berkeley; Elisa Stone, University of California, Berkeley

(teachengineering.org) curricular units showcasing data science. As an example of thesecurricular units, and as further evidence of the project’s broader impact, one IST has developedan ongoing partnership between their classroom and a research laboratory on campus allowinghigh school physics students to learn data science techniques by analyzing and interpretingdistant satellite signals collected by radio telescopes. Preliminary evaluation of this ongoingproject revealed that participants viewed data science as important and essential in K-12curriculum, that data analysis is a critical and useful skill for youth, and that data science alignsclosely with the science and engineering practices called forth by NGSS. Though constrained bywork-from-home

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering: Demos and Interactives

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brendan Smith, Loyola Marymount University

enjoyment, understanding, andfrustration suggests that this approach achieved an appropriate difficulty level that bothchallenged students and empowered their learning.Given the already intensive workload of a lecture-based control systems course with outside-of-class laboratory and project work, I have stopped recommending that students purchase atextbook for this course. Instead of relying on a textbook to provide a secondary perspective onthe material, the written instructions for the labs guide students through an experiential learningenvironment where they can practice applying methods from the course lectures. Survey resultsindicate that few students would have preferred to have a course textbook, while the vastmajority were glad that there

Conference Session

Redefining Manufacturing Education Practices

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Casey Keulen, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Christoph Sielmann, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Dean Richert

experience in accordancewith their interests. This option will be discussed in a subsequent section.The program started in 2019 with funding to develop new laboratories with modernmanufacturing equipment. Undergraduate teaching labs on either campus are designed tocomplement each other, offering students a variety of equipment and experiences whileminimizing equipment redundancy at both campuses. The lab facilities have been developed toreflect the manufacturing engineering specialization of each campus with faculty expertisesimilarly chosen to reflect the needs of each location.The facilities developed in Vancouver are primarily contained in one laboratory space, the‘Maker Space’. The laboratory was setup to house the equipment required to perform

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay Wierer, Milwaukee School of Engineering

inthe Grading section.Changes from previous teaching methodologyBefore the introduction of SBG, the course was taught using a traditional “chalk-and-talk”lecture style. The course was traditionally graded based on a weighted average of homeworkscores, laboratory scores, midterm exam scores, and the final exam score. Students would haveonly been aware of their performance on a course concept by identifying the concept(s) involvedwith a homework or exam problem and comparing their score to the standard institutionalgrading scale.After the introduction of SBG in Spring 2020, the lecture style was intentionally not changed,except for adaptations due to the COVID pandemic. The course grading was changed to aweighted combination of objective

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division Technical Session 3: Technology

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Kurr; David Icove, University of Tennessee at Knoxville

for Underwriters Laboratories UL-746: the database for polymeric materials. In her free time, Ms. Kurr facilitates professional development workshops for Tau Beta Pi, the Engineering Honor Society, and the CyberAmbassador program.David Icove The University of Tennessee (UT) Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Professor of Practice, Dr. David Icove is an internationally recognized forensic fire engineering expert with over 40 years of experience. He is the co-author of the leading expert treaties in forensic fire investigation, including Kirk’s Fire Investigation, Forensic Fire Scene Reconstruction, and Combating Arson-for-Profit. Dr. Icove presently coordinates the Graduate Program in Fire Protection Engineering at UT

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering: Demos and Interactives

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Megan Ngo, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Emily Welsh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Benita Comeau, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Nicholas Fang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; John Liu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Kachina Studer

Lecturer in MIT's Mechanical Engineering department and Scientist of the MITx Digital Learning Laboratory. Dr. Liu's work includes engineering education, mixed reality and haptic experiences, workforce solutions to address the nation-wide manufacturing skills gap, open-ended assessments for scalable education settings, and instructional design theory for massively open online courses. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Opening Up the Black Box: an Augmented Reality Look into the Scanning Electron MicroscopeAbstractThe scanning electron microscope (SEM) can serve as a gateway for introducing

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Technical Session - Best Diversity Paper

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marian Kennedy, Clemson University; Cora Allard-Keese, Clemson University; Joshua Alper, Clemson University; Jennie LaMonte, Clemson University; Aubrey Baldwin, Clemson University

surveys from which we identify students who chose to participate in theprogram/courses, their reasons for participating, how the students perceived the value of the program atthe close of the program, and how they perceived that the program helped them prepare for researchparticipation.Overview of the Research Foundations programAs outlined by others (Washburn and Bragg 2022), the stay-at-home orders enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the training of university students through in person researchexperience or internship cancelations, closing of research laboratories, etc. In a limited number of cases,in person research experiences were transitioned to virtual when institutions had already developedmodels for remote workers

Conference Session

Computers in Education 2 - Programming 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Junhao Liao, University of Toronto; Haoran Zhang, University of Toronto; Jiaxing Li, University of Toronto; Yizhong Xu, University of Toronto; Hamid Timorabadi, University of Toronto

systems (OS), creatingproblems in providing consistent setup instructions for students who might use different OSplatforms. For web-based remote connection software, a state-of-the-art example is Google’sfree Chrome Remote Desktop [6]. However, it requires software installations on both local andremote machines, which makes it complex to be distributed in cooperative environments such asschool computer laboratories, which usually impose restrictions on software installations.The Engineering faculty at University of Toronto already provides remote access to over 100laboratory machines with Linux installations [7], but students still have to set up the connectionson their own. The machine allocation mechanism is not optimal, such that the user

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ramakrishnan Sundaram, Gannon University; Benjamin Lubina, Gannon University

machinelearning and artificial intelligence. The main goal is to create educational material which isdelivered through classroom instruction and project activities in the laboratory. The material willpromote the retention of the concepts of machine leaning by delivering the content through moreeffective methods of instruction and learning. An additional goal of the project is to provideintroductory materials for students interested in conducting research in the machine learning field.Reinforcement learning in terms of this paper consists of, and is not limited to, the appropriatesetup of input features and output results, configuration of the architecture of the network, theshaping of rewards, the sampling of generations, and the testing of advancements

Conference Session

Miscellaneous Mechanics

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Devin Berg, University of Wisconsin - Stout; Anne Schmitz, University of Wisconsin - Stout

on structured lecture and laboratory activities. The resultssuggest that student perceptions of the polytechnic nature of a class did not significantly differbetween the two pedagogical approaches. Students found each class to be representative of apolytechnic nature because hands-on, physical labs were utilized. It did not matter if the labactivities were open-ended or structured. This aligned with the students’ definition of whatpolytechnic education means: “hands-on”.IntroductionClassroom delivery modality has received much attention in recent years as institutions navigatechanges in higher education funding and student preparation for learning [1]. One approach thathas been employed in the engineering classroom is to flip the class, by

Conference Session

CIT Division Technical Session #8

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Juan Felipe Calderon, Universidad Andres Bello, Chile; Pablo Schwarzenberg, Universidad Andres Bello

videoconference sessions were held twice a week for ERT students and once amonth for online students.Table 2: Activities in the courses included in the study. Modality Pre-class activi- In-class activi- Post-class activities ties ties Lecture None Concept Re- Laboratory (each week) based views Three Graded Programming Q/A Sessions Assignments Worked Exam- ples Group Pro- gramming As- signments Flipped

Conference Session

Redefining Manufacturing Education Practices

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amit Lopes; Ivan Renteria Marquez, University of Texas at El Paso; Tzu-liang Tseng, University of Texas at El Paso; Md Fashiar Rahman, University of Texas at El Paso; Sergio Luna, University of Texas at El Paso

. This effort demonstrates a strategy tocreate a SM curriculum and certificate program that promotes SM concepts in underserved SMMs andupskilling an underrepresented (Hispanic) workforce, by developing industry-relevant training materialsand research laboratory practices. Existing academic, industry, workforce, and economic developmentpartnerships were leveraged to capture and address the diverse learning needs across the entire regionalSM pipeline. The key tasks conducted to fulfill the project goals included the development of a SMcurriculum and SM focused laboratories at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), approval of the SMcertificate program to engage and increase SM knowledge in underserved regional manufacturers, anddevelopment of

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiaping Li, University of Michigan; Maartje E. D. Van Den Bogaard, Iowa State University; Lea Marlor, University of Michigan; Laura Carroll, University of Michigan; Cynthia Finelli, University of Michigan

]. Faculty in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) face issues suchas little preparation related to online pedagogy and technology, lack of knowledge about how toeffectively deliver online course content, the inability to conduct laboratory courses online, fearof student disengagement, and difficulties in adopting active learning techniques to the onlinecontext [2] - [4]. Here, active learning refers to individual or group activities designed to engagestudents in their learning during class (e.g., answering questions and group discussions) [5]; andit has been shown that, when it is implemented effectively in online settings, active learning canincrease student engagement, improve learning outcomes, and create more inclusive

Conference Session

Computers in Education 10 - Technology 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenny Fotouhi, University of Maryland Eastern Shore; Mahdi Fotouhi; Abhijit Nagchaudhuri, University of Maryland Eastern Shore

Instrument Educational Trainer Board used to provide more hands-on-experimental skills. It is integrated and featured with 12 of the most commonly- usedinstruments in the laboratory, including an oscilloscope, digital multimeter, function generator,and variable power supply.When the ELVIS II Board is connected to the PC through the USB plug-and-play capabilities,the student can build a prototype circuit on this trainer and use LabView software to have variousmeasurements displayed on the computer.To control the movement of the robot’s arm, an interfaced circuit was designed using the ELVISII Board to manipulate five motors’ motions that are responsible for moving the robot indifferent directions.This paper explains the details of the project as well

Conference Session

Computers in Education 5 - Modulus 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adurangba Oje, University of Georgia; Oluwafemi Sunday; Nathaniel Hunsu, University of Georgia; Dominik May; Robert Baffour, University of Georgia

education. He is currently the principal investigator on two NSF-funded projects. The first project examines factors that influence academic resilience among engineering students, while the other involves the development of a diagnostic tool to identify students’ misconceptions in electrical engineering.Dominik May (Dr.) Dr. May is an Assistant Professor in the Engineering Education Transformations Institute. He researches online and intercultural engineering education. His primary research focus lies on the development, introduction, practical use, and educational value of online laboratories (remote, virtual, and cross-reality) and online experimentation in engineering instruction. In his work, he focuses on developing