Conference Session

LEES 1: Critical Humanities and Serious Play

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sreyoshi Bhaduri, Amazon; Krishna Pakala, Boise State University; Addison Totman, Boise State University; Cherie Edwards, Virginia Commonwealth University; Michelle Soledad, Minnesota State University, Mankato

due to lack of representation and manybecome discouraged before they even start. Many freshmen, for example, may find the curriculum intimidating andconfusing, and often this leads students to be unable to truly familiarize themselves with the details of their curriculumnor understand how these learnings will help them advance in their desired career trajectories (e.g., Cornwell, 1996).Using comics to illustrate what a full mechanical engineering degree course pathway would look like could potentiallyhelp students better engage with the curriculum. This could in turn provide ways for them to improve conceptualunderstanding and motivation/interest. We contend that an increased motivation would likely bring in students whohadn’t considered

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 5: Design and Robotics

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lakshmy Mohandas, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Wonki Lee, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Nathan Mentzer, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Paper ID #37570Changes in Achievement Goal Profiles of students in a HighlyActive Design Thinking ClassroomLakshmy Mohandas (Ms) I am a final-semester Ph.D. student in engineering technology at Purdue. My career goal is to become an educator who uses innovative techniques to create a conducive learning environment that makes education more accessible, equitable, and valuable for all students. My dissertation is on understanding the impact of the synchronous HyFlex model on students' perception of Community of Inquiry.Wonki Lee (Teaching Assistant)Nathan Mentzer (Assistant Professor) Nathan Mentzer Nathan Mentzer

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 3, Nature and Environment)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Davis Chacon-Hurtado; Sandra Sirota, University of Connecticut; Shareen Hertel, University of Connecticut

schools and engineering studentsare becoming more interested in experiences and careers that have the potential for positive societalimpacts (Leydens and Lucena, 2019). Examples of these trends are given across differentengineering schools (see, for example, Engineers in Technical Humanitarian Opportunities ofService Learning (ETHOS) at the University of Dayton; Engineering Projects in CommunityService (EPICS) at Purdue University; Community Assessment of Renewable Energy andSustainability (CARES) at the University of California, among others). We argue these trends willhelp motivate other programs and students to adopt new paradigms of engineering focused onhuman and societal challenges. Desha et al. (2019) also describe efforts by

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 11 Empathy and Human-Centered Design 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saadeddine Shehab, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Sneha Subramanian; Jake Fava, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Christopher Schmitz, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

ideas,manage time, and work in teams [16], [17]. This eventually can help them develop human-centered, metacognitive, collaborative, experimental, creative, and communicative mindsets [15],[18]. These mindsets match with what employers seek in 21st century employees [3] and thus,developing these mindsets during higher education programs can better prepare students forsuccess in their future careers. In light of the potential positive impact that engaging in HCD practices can have onstudents’ learning, universities are increasingly investing in integrating HCD in their existingprograms [4]. In engineering, learning about and implementing HCD practices can be viewed asmeans for students to achieve the outcomes that are listed in the ABET

Conference Session

Understanding Inclusivity and Equity in STEM Contexts: Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Grenmarie Agresar, University of Michigan; John Callewaert, University of Michigan; Steve Skerlos, University of Michigan; Joanna Millunchick, University of Michigan

engagement and treatment of all in the learning community. Equity-focused teaching is an ongoing commitment and practice that should develop across the life of a teaching career. This commitment is always in the service of achieving just experiences and outcomes for both students and teachers alike.Objectives are KeyResearch supports the importance of general DEIJ education in higher education [22], but anunderstanding of how to best integrate DEIJ directly into engineering undergraduate education isstill lacking. Although it is increasingly clear that engaged, student-centered pedagogies are moreeffective for learning, many instructors were taught in traditional didactic methods and continueto use these methods to teach

Conference Session

Understanding Inclusivity and Equity in STEM Contexts: Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Victoria Bill, New York University Tandon School of Engineering; Julie Martin, The Ohio State University

professor of Engineering Education at The Ohio State University. Julie’s professional mission is to create environments that elevate and expand the research community. She is the editor- in-chief of Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, where her vision is to create a culture of constructive peer review in academic publishing. Julie is a former NSF program director for engineering education and frequently works with faculty to help them write proposals and navigate the proposal preparation and grant management processes. She was a 2009 NSF CAREER awardee for her work operationalizing social capital for engineering education. More recently, Julie has encouraged the engineering education research

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Cook-Chennault, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Idalis Villanueva, University of Florida

Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) award for her NSF CAREER project on hidden curriculum in engineering. Dr. Idalis Villanueva has a B.S. degree is in Chemical Engineering from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez and a M.S. and Ph.D. degree in Chemical and Biological Engineering from the University of Colorado-Boulder. Soon after, she completed her postdoctoral fellowship from the National Institutes of Health in Analytical Cell Biology in Bethesda, Maryland and worked as a lecturer for 2 years before transitioning to a tenure-track in engineering education. Her experiences as a first-generation engineer, Latinx, woman of color, introvert, and mother has shaped the lens and research

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jane Lehr, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Dominic Dal Bello, Allan Hancock College; Daniel Almeida, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Eva Schiorring; Erica Garcia; Fred Depiero, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Jamie Bettencourt; John Oliver, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lizabeth Thompson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Jeff Jones, Class4me.com; Victoria Siaumau, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

at Allan Hancock College or Cuesta College, transfer to Cal Poly, are retained in and graduate with a B.S. degree, and enter the STEM workforce or graduate program 2. Advance understanding of strategies that affect recruitment, retention, transfer, student success, academic/career pathways, degree attainment, and entry to the STEM workforce or graduate programs, with a specific emphasis on low-income academically talented students with demonstrated financial need who begin their engineering/computer science education at a community college prior to transfer to a B.S.-granting institution 3. Contribute to the implementation and effective evidence-based curricular and co- curricular activities

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yingqian Zhang; Jiabin Zhu

includedself-efficacy, thinking especially computational thinking, achievement, and classroom.Based on previous studies, researchers in recent years have focused on the self-efficacyof STEM pre-service teachers as influencing their intention to choose STEM careers inthe later period. Besides, some scholars believed that the rapid development ofinformation technology and computing machines can effectively promote the practiceand realization of concepts and ideas, so it is very important to strengthen thecomputational thinking of STEM preservice teachers. In addition to the theoreticalknowledge education of STEM preservice teachers, researchers have also paid attentionto their practical teaching capability and classroom design to make sure

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sampson Addo, University of the District of Columbia; Pawan Tyagi, University of the District of Columbia; Eva Mutunga, University of the District of Columbia

all students regardless of background, race,ethnicity, a competitive way to develop their careers honing their innate talents and skills. Theyhave also diversified into cutting-edge research areas of national and global importance, such asadvanced manufacturing technology, biotechnology and biosciences, computer andcomputational sciences, defense and national security, energy, materials science and advancedmaterials, nanotechnology, neuroscience, and pharmacology [4], to mention a few.Previous research indicates that with all these positive impacts, HBCUs are behind their non-HBCUs counterparts in innovation commercialization (IC) because historically they have beenunder-served and were originally established largely as teaching and blue

Conference Session

LEES 2: Stories of Intersectionality and Institutional Marginalization

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Victoria Siaumau, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Yumi Aguilar, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Jane Lehr, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lynne Slivovsky, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Emily Flores, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Lauren Cooper, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

point where they become so mainstream as to beinvisible” [2]. In related research on women of color in physics, Maria Ong argues that, “Moststudents, regardless of their social and cultural backgrounds learn early in their career thatordinary qualities of scientific competence connects strongly to presentations of self…Those inscience who occupy nontraditional gender, racial/ethnic, and class categories must contend withthe common effects of low representation including isolation, doubts associated with tokenism,tenuously balancing social identities, and disproportionate skepticism from others- andthemselves- about their qualifications and abilities to succeed in predominantly male and/orwhite fields” [3]. This and other research suggest that

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bimal Nepal, Texas A&M University; Eakalak Khan; Om Prakash Yadav; Manan Shah, Texas A&M University

experimental based) and could beworked on remotely. In order to substitute the global experience which students would have gottenwith an in-person program, they were enrolled in a Global Competency Program and received acertificate upon completion. All these steps ensured that although the program was virtual, it didnot compromise on the quality of research and global experiences for participating students. Oneof the key lessons learned based on the feedback received from participating students, was the roleof graduate mentors on their experience. The participants thought that the graduate students weremore approachable and able to provide guidance from a personal experience on a career in researchand graduate school.ConclusionsThis paper presented

Conference Session

Technology Integration in Manufacturing Curriculum

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Salil Bapat, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Ajay Malshe, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

years various aspects of additivemanufacturing [1]. These topics are essential for exposing undergraduate students to advancementswithin the field and building their necessary skillset for their future careers. Due to the cutting-edge nature of many of these topics, a hands-on project experience is important to complementclassroom-based learning for retention of knowledge and at the same time addressing a socialcause. This paper presents the results of a semester-long class project as a part of an additivemanufacturing and research credit class in Fall 2021. Specifically, the project was aimed atincreasing student awareness of an important social problem of food insecurity while also allowingstudents to learn about 3D food printing under severe

Conference Session

Remote Pedagogy in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University; Leia Farroux, Robert Morris University; Amanda Wolfe, Robert Morris University

different perspective of 3D models of parts for mechanicalengineering students [25]. Figure 9. Example hologram for the Looking GlassFigure 10. A CAD image is being manipulated by a motion sensor (Leap Motion) tracking user’s hand Figure 11. Algorithm for hand motion trackingConclusions and Future WorkThe implementation of XR is becoming an element of engineering education to both helpstudents in the classroom and prepare them for their future careers, as this technology is alsobecoming more readily used in a multitude of industries. Its implementation in the automotiveindustry will conserve materials and aid in the design and development of vehicles, all the

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 6 Design Pedagogy

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johanna Acosta, Universidad San Francisco de Quito; Miguel Andrés Guerra, Universidad San Francisco de Quito

, the methodology can be adaptedto virtual systems in situations such as: students in another city, teachers who must travel forresearch or conferences, students who are professionals (working and studying at the same time)or in the case of COVID 19 [24], [25]. Although this framework was not developed with COVID19 in mind, it was useful during the pandemic.By now, some of these pedagogical frameworks have already been implemented several timesand it is for this reason that we can already observe the impact of studying with BFL on studentsin different careers. According to the study done by [26], [27] they found 3 needs for BFL towork which were: every school or university needs an e-learning platform, a development ofskills to use the e

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 4- COVID and Virtual Learning

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shaoping Qiu, Texas A&M University; Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University

curriculum changes to several courses in the department. Dr. Natarajarathinam’s research focuses on engineering education including service-learning and workforce skills development. She has received over $3.6 million in external research funding from several companies, governmental agencies, and National Science Foundation. Dr. Natarajarathinam has written 22 peer-reviewed journal articles, a business case with a teaching note, 63 peer-reviewed conference proceedings, and was the keynote speaker at the food banks Conference. She works with the Texas Education Agency (TEA) in developing innovative Career and Technical Education (CTE) courses in logistics and distribution. Dr. Natarajarathinam has chaired 91 graduate capstone

Conference Session

ETD Technical Session 6 - Curriculum and Programs III

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University; Michael Johnson, Texas A&M University; Pouneh Abbasian, Texas A&M University

teaching note, 63 peer-reviewed conference proceedings, and was the keynote speaker at the food banks Conference. She works with the Texas Education Agency (TEA) in developing innovative Career and Technical Education (CTE) courses in logistics and distribution. Dr. Natarajarathinam has chaired 91 graduate capstone projects, and several undergraduate capstone projects, and has served on two master’s committees. Dr. Natarajarathinam was chosen as of the “40 under 40” faculty by the American Society of Engineering Educations, Prism Magazine in 2018.Michael Johnson Dr. Michael D. Johnson is a professor in the Department of Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution at Texas A&M University. He also serves as the

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chelsea Linvill; Benjamin Michael Wallen P.E., United States Military Academy

modality selected by students. finish in the top 3 for the day’s Kahoot quiz finish 4 or 5 (runner-up) in the day’s Kahoot quiz correctly complete all in-class problems for the day’s lesson prior to class beginning presented group results to class from in-class group work volunteer to answer questions in class (only awarded once per class) asked a question about future career opportunities submitted assignment more than 24 hours ahead of due date properly named files in accordance with guidance stated on lesson one and on Blackboard (only available for 1st homework)Ultimately, the methods employed to provide inclusive, deliberate student engagement supportedthe intent to enable every student to receive the same level of instruction and have the

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Huh? What Did You Say? What Does That Mean?

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder; Cristina Torres-Machi; Qin Lv, University of Colorado Boulder

Signed Rank test <0.001), suggesting that students recognize the positive impact of data science on theiremployability, yet they do not feel particularly motivated by this topic.Figure 1. Students perceive the importance of data science in their professional career, yet theyare not particularly motivated by this topicA question near the end of the survey asked students to “describe their experience in CS and dataanalysis” and students could select among any of 3 statements they agreed with; results aresummarized in Table 5. Only 27% of the students wished there were more courses offered oncomputer science and data analysis. This result suggests that students’ perceptions on their needto expand their knowledge on data science notably differ

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 10: Empathy and Human-centered Design

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ardeshir Raihanian Mashhadi, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico

Paper ID #36825Expansive Empathy: Defining and Measuring a NewConstruct in Engineering DesignArdeshir Raihanian MashhadiVanessa Svihla Dr. Vanessa Svihla is an associate professor at the University of New Mexico (UNM) with appointments in learning sciences and engineering. Her research, funded by an NSF CAREER award, focuses on how people learn as they frame problems and how these activities relate to identity, agency and creativity. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Expansive Empathy: Defining and Measuring a New

Conference Session

Computers in Education 1 - Programming I

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua Fagan, University of Tennessee at Knoxville; Amy Biegalski, University of Tennessee at Knoxville

career benefits withits widespread usage in industry and academia. For our beginning programmers, MATLAB offersa low-barrier environment but still translates well as a gateway to other languages. Although weare implementing ROS communication through MATLAB’s ROS Toolbox, its use is concealed tothe students, they are only working with very basic and descriptively titled commands for controland sensor data acquisition. Based on our experience, this toolbox is of significant value becauseit allows students to directly or autonomously control the mobile robots through simple MATLABcommands and a more user friendly interface as compared to implementing Python, JavaScript, orthe MATLAB ROS toolbox directly with the Sphero Robots.2.2 Sphero RVRA

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Andrew Guernsey, Purdue University Northwest; Jacob Tietz, Purdue University Northwest; Quamar Niyaz, Purdue University Northwest; Xiaoli Yang, Fairfield University; Ahmad Javaid, The University of Toledo; Sidike Paheding, Michigan Technological University

discussed multiple programming modules developed forenforcing the secure programming mindset in introductory programming courses on C++ and Java.The modules will guide students through specific cybersecurity topics to improve their skills andhelp students in their future programming careers by teaching them the necessary skills to preventcommon cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Future work will include developing more modules focusedon more advanced topics in Java and C++ taught later in the CS/CE curriculum. Beforedisseminating these modules for adoption in different institutes, we will evaluate their impact indelivering cybersecurity concepts for secure programming. We will use these modules in ourprogramming courses in Fall 2022 and Spring 2023 at

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering: Assorted Topics

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Mynderse, Lawrence Technological University

Reading Encoders with LabView Understanding Accelerometers N/A Reading Accelerometers with LabView Using Accelerometers for Condition MonitoringOnly the project one results are used to assess ABET Student Outcome 7. An argument could bemade that the repetition of the first sub-outcome would lead to better student results if projecttwo were used for assessment of that sub-outcome. However, this comes at a cost of additionalrecord keeping for adjunct faculty that are already busy with full-time engineering careers inaddition to teaching responsibilities. Therefore, only project one will be considered below forassessment of

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 2: Postcard Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Hicks; Michael Preuss; Matthew Alexander, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Rajashekar Mogiligidda, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Mahesh Hosur

experience much earlier in the curriculum canbenefit students in a variety of ways including helping them to understand the important linkagebetween the foundational math and science courses they are required to take and the engineeringdiscipline they are planning to study [1, 7, 8]. This has led to a growing number of universitiesintegrating design experiences into earlier semesters of their engineering programs [6].The first-year introductory engineering course taken by engineering students at TAMUK is titled“Engineering as a Career” (GEEN 1201). Each department within the college of engineeringoffers its own section of the GEEN 1201 course that is specifically designed for its majors. Withsupport from the NSF grant, the GEEN 1201 sections for

Conference Session

ERM: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Bahnson, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Elan Hope, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Derrick Satterfield, University of Nevada, Reno; Anitra Alexander; Alexis Briggs; Laila Allam, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno

Paper ID #37139Students’ Experiences of Discrimination in EngineeringDoctoral EducationMatthew Bahnson Postdoc in Engineering Education at Penn State with Catherine Berdanier.Elan C HopeDerrick James Satterfield (Graduate Research Assistant) Derrick Satterfield is a doctoral candidate in Engineering Education at the University of Nevada, Reno. His research focuses on engineering graduate students' experiences and motivation centered on career planning and preparation.Anitra Rochelle AlexanderLaila AllamAdam Kirn (Associate Professor) TBD © American Society for Engineering Education

Conference Session

CPDD Technical Session 1 - Design of Professional Development Curricula

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mitchell Springer, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Kathryne Newton, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)

respective organizations and ultimately their end users/customers, and/or(2) to advance their careers either within their current organizations or another as opportunitiesexists.Additionally, there is a growing recognition, as documented in the literature, that higher levels ofeducation are required to gain fruitful employment that once required a lesser educational skillset. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, roughly 36% of the U.S. population of 315Mindividuals have BS/BA degrees, this higher than any previous period in U.S. history. Master’sdegree holders make up roughly 13% of this same population with holders of Doctoral degreesresiding at 3%.Given the significant growth in the supply of intellectual capital, both nationally

Conference Session

ERM: Teamwork makes the dream work!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rashmi Solanki, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Chad Kennedy, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus; Yash Shirke, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus

Paper ID #36442The SO-What Analytical Analysis for Virtual Decision TeamsRashmi Mohansingh Solanki Master's student at Arizona State UniversityChad Kennedy (Graduate Chair of TEM Program) Chad Kennedy’s experience spans entrepreneurship, engineering research, project management and advanced technology application in industry. His expertise stems from spending the last 25+ years working in the field of engineering. His early career began working in various engineering design, testing, and astronaut training capacities at NASA Johnson Space Center. After, Kennedy joined the start-up, VI Technology Inc., an

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Division: Supporting and Evaluating Student Learning in BioE/BME Courses

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Dosmar, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Julia Williams, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

revision (emphasis added): Comment D (First-year composition): I know this reflection is supposed to be talking about the growth of us as writers and all the skills that we gained and how our writing has improved, but I think that growing as a writer also includes how your feeling toward writing has changed. At the start of the semester I wasn’t a big fan of writing. All throughout my high school career I always had to write argumentative essays and analysis essays. It was a very formulaic way of writing, and it omitted the part of writing I think makes writing so important: using writing as a form of expression. Being able to have complete creative control over a piece is what makes writing

Conference Session

Software Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Van Hilst; Reginald Parker, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Prescott

Paper ID #36526Schedule Risk and PERT in Undergraduate CapstoneProjectsMichael Van Hilst Dr. Van Hilst is an Associate Professor of Software Engineering at Embry-Riddle University in Prescott, Arizona. Prior to that he taught at Nova Southeastern University and Florida Atlantic University. Dr. Van Hilst entered academia after an extensive career in industry. He worked for 10 years at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics where, as senior architect, he worked on NASA’s Einstein, Hubble, and Chandra space telescopes. He also worked at IBM Research, for the French CNRS, and at HP Labs, where he was a

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacob Marszalek, University of Missouri - Kansas City; Michelle Maher, University of Missouri - Kansas City

construct is self-concept, one’s collection of beliefs about oneself [16]. Whereas both identity and self-conceptfocus on the perspective of oneself, self-concept primarily focuses on the cognitive aspect,whereas identity incorporates feelings and beliefs with the cognitive. Because self-concept isconcentrated on one’s skills, abilities, physical aspects, or behavior, it acts as a guide to identity[17]. As such, self-concept is particularly relevant to career choices [16], such as engineering. Inaddition, self-concept has been conceptualized as having different facets related to different areasof one’s life, such as academic self-concept, professional self-concept, social self-concept, etc.[16]. These facets can have more or less specificity and be