Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Secil Akinci-Ceylan, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Kristen Cetin, Michigan State University; Benjamin Ahn, Iowa State University of Science and Technology

experience appear to beconsistent with the first theme noted from practitioners as well as Amy’s comments suggestingthat some domain knowledge is helpful. They also appear to reflect the third theme ofpracticality, and that a “creative” solution may also be perceived as “risky”, with a negativeconnotation. One faculty associated creativity with not making use of an existing design. Jason ratedhis creativity 8.5 out of 10 and stated that he has a more tendency to embrace creativity thanother engineers, as he tries not to use the Internet while solving a problem and instead starts fromscratch thinking of the best possible solution. Similar to Jason, Sarah spoke about having accessto resources such as the Internet while solving a problem and

Conference Session

ERM: Design!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohamed Jalal, University of Ottawa; Hanan Anis, University of Ottawa

line with constructionist learning environments that allowstudents to construct, share and collaboratively reflect on external artifacts (Hay & Barab, 2001).Making as a learning pedagogy, also resonates with experiential education as it facilitates hands-on, iterative and self-directed learning (Resnick & Rosenbaum, 2013; American Society forEngineering Education, 2017). Stager (Stager, 2013) notes that with the maker movement’semphasis on learning through direct experience, hands-on projects, and tinkering presents signalto its link to constructionist learning even if its members were not aware of the relationship.Makers engage in tinkering activities that are defined as playful, exploratory, and iterativeprocess of working or

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Manning, Clemson University; Catherine Mobley, Clemson University; Marisa Orr, Clemson University; Catherine Brawner; Rebecca Brent; Michael Tidwell, Clemson University

, reflecting an explicit integration of her teaching, research and service endeavors.Marisa K. Orr Marisa K. Orr is an Associate Professor in Engineering and Science Education with a joint appointment in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Clemson University. Her research interests include student persistence and pathways in engineering, gender equity, diversity, and academic policy. Dr. Orr is a recipient of the NSF CAREER Award for her research entitled, ”Empowering Students to be Adaptive Decision-Makers.”Catherine Brawner Catherine E. Brawner is president of Research Triangle Educational Consultants in Raleigh, NC. She received her PhD in Educational Research and Policy Analysis from North Carolina State

Conference Session

ERM: New Research Methods and Tools

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Trevion Henderson, University of Michigan

engineering work differ markedly from one’s beliefs about the role of personalcultural beliefs, though I recognize that politics and cultural beliefs are often intimately linked.Future work should conceptualize the ways cultural, political, and social issues appear inengineering education such that students’ beliefs about these three areas might be disentangled.Third, this research was part of a larger study examining the ways students’ individual epistemicvalues shape their teamwork in engineering design settings. One finding of that research is thatstudents’ abstract professed epistemologies (i.e., those reflected in responses to surveyinstruments), and their enacted epistemologies (i.e., those reflected in their thinking, behaviors,and decisions

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Technical Session 5: Strategies for Increasing Classroom Engagement

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Walz, Madison Area Technical College; Michael Arquin; Joel Shoemaker, Madison Area Technical College; Scott Liddicoat; Gabrielle Temple; Kathleen Alfano, College of the Canyons

college and university classrooms. School closures, masking andsocial distancing requirements, contact tracing, and quarantines have changed how educatorsinteract with students and have placed a new emphasis on remote learning and virtual instruction.The pandemic has also had a great impact on teacher professional development programming,which was also forced to shift to virtual delivery. The research data on the impacts of COVIDpandemic induced changes is limited, particularly in the areas of energy technology and teacherpreparation. A recent pandemic study of academic programs in engineering and teachereducation profiled an interdisciplinary project engaging university and middle school students inwind energy technology [1]. Student reflection

Conference Session

ERM: Conceptualizations of Engineering and Engineering Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julianna Gesun, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Julia Rizzo, University of New Hampshire

substantial impacton society at large as these students will engage in an engineering workforce where their work directlyinfluences the thriving of society at large.AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr. Brad Kinsey, Dr. Michael Loui, Dr. Michael Briggs, and Dr. KarenGraham for helpful discussions, insights, and/or feedback on drafts of this paper. This material is basedupon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant OIA-#1757371. This work is alsosupported by a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Engineering Fellowship (EEC-#2127509).Any opinions, findings, and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of theauthor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science

Conference Session

Graduate Studies Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Athena Lin, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

way you write. You write in first person, you write about what happened around you. And then that’s kind of stripped away from you, in technical writing when you get to college or high school or later stages. (Nathan)Nathan reflects on learning to write in third person in engineering and notes that the use of first-person voice is more acceptable in engineering education research. This shift in voice reflectsdifferent epistemological beliefs in engineering education research compared to engineeringresearch. While engineering research tends to embody positivist assumptions about reality,arguments in engineering education research tend to view reality as socially constructed. Toaccount for this subjective reality, engineering

Conference Session

LEES Session 8: Care and Commitments

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie Stettler Kleine, Colorado School of Mines; Elizabeth Reddy, Colorado School of Mines; Jessica Smith, Colorado School of Mines

frequently overdetermines our conversations. In this paper, we analyze different forms ofcare discussed in engineering education literature, with special attention to the ways that it hashistorically centered empathy, and consider the implications of this move for ways we have oftendiscussed care recipients, what counts as care, and who cares. By considering these issuessystematically, particularly by highlighting who gives and receives care-as-empathy, we surfacethe assumptions built into some of engineering education’s most important promises.For all that putting care front and center in engineering and engineering education seemspotentially productive, addressing it systematically as we do here allows us to reflect critically onthe framework and

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aubrey Wigner, Colorado School of Mines; Sarah Kuang, Michigan State University; Kevin Miceli, Michigan State University

be present to allow for self-reflection on programimpacts and to provide a framework for determining educational outcomes.We will present survey instruments for assessing the Entrepreneurial Mindset, or at least ourdefinition of the Entrepreneurial Mindset, a semi-structured interview protocol, methodology fordetermining the vision of the Entrepreneurial Mindset that most applies to a given institution,and finally the initial analysis of 213 pre/post surveys collected during the fall semester 2021.Initial results are positive and significant for one of the three courses where the survey wasdeployed. The remaining two courses with substantially smaller class sizes have not yet reacheda sufficiently large dataset to draw conclusions from. We

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela Minichiello, Utah State University; Hannah Wilkinson, Utah State University

develop new civilian career-focused identities, such as inengineering. Narratively engaging with our own experiences as full-time military servicepersonnel who later transformed ourselves into civilian professionals, we developed our focuson understanding the process by which military students “hybridize” [10] deeply embeddedmilitary identities as they turn toward civilian career paths.Concurrent with reflections about our own experiences, we engaged with the existing literatureon social and professional identity, including the growing body of work related to studentveteran identity. We theorized that service members necessarily develop military identities whichbecome central to their core identities (personal and professional) due to the all

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arash Jamshidi, University of California, Berkeley; Elisa Stone, University of California, Berkeley

K-12 teachers whose fields have tendedto exist in ‘math versus science’ silos for decades.Our program evaluation and research for BERET+D focuses on how participation in the programhelps PSTs and ISTs develop their understanding of (1) data science, (2) the STEM researchprocess, and (3) how to incorporate data science into K-12 math and science curricula. We alsobegan to investigate how BERET+D participants’ engagement in authentic data science researchand scaffolded reflections on their experiences allow them to develop expertise in facilitating thedevelopment of data science and computational practices for their K–12 students. Here, wereport on key components of BERET+D program design and preliminary research findings.Engaging in

Conference Session

Remote Pedagogy in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University; Leia Farroux, Robert Morris University; Amanda Wolfe, Robert Morris University

, this program has been recently discontinued, and the existing work can be moved to Babylon.Js. • Nintendo Switch Development Environment/LABO kits: Toy Con Garage 04 modules of LABO kits allow VR game development and can be utilized with LABO VR glasses as well as the Switch game console and its controllers. [15] These games can be used in teaching design and manufacturing concepts as well as being utilized for training of all sorts.HMDs like Oculus Go, Quest and Quest 2 are common VR tools. According to pcgamer.com[16], the top VR head-sets are (ranked from 1-5): Oculus Quest 2, Valve Index, HTC Vive Pro 2,HP Reverb G2, and HTC Vive Cosmos Elite. These rankings reflect game performance of thesetools, but can

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division ASCE Liaison Committee - Accreditation and Curriculums - What Changes Are Occurring?

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley Aldrich, American Society of Civil Engineers; Norma Mattei, University of New Orleans; Kleio Avrithi, Mercer University; Jennifer Hofmann, American Society of Civil Engineers; Anthony Kulesa

change, andsocietal factors such as population growth, social equity, aesthetics, and more in theirengineering decisions. These factors have cognitive (technical) solutions; however, decisionsshould also reflect the engineer’s internalized values as defined by the affective domain.Why do those civil engineers who serve in responsible charge need to attain and maintainthe outcomes defined in the CEBOK3?The CEBOK3 recognizes licensure as the minimum legal standard to practice but defines morerigorous requirements for exercising responsible charge in the practice of civil engineering. Toexplain this distinction, in 2019 ASCE adopted Policy Statement 465 – The Civil EngineeringBody of Knowledge and the Practice of Civil Engineering [13], which

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karinna Vernaza, Gannon University; Scott Steinbrink, Gannon University; Lin Zhao, Gannon University; Saeed Tiari; Varun Kasaraneni, Gannon University

proved to have a very positive impact on the excitement of engineering studentsabout the engineering profession and increase students' confidence to succeed in engineering [10].Job shadowing was an element added to the professional development activities of the SEECSprogram starting in the third grant. To foster career readiness, freshmen and sophomore studentsfrom the program were paired for a job shadowing with the same major upperclassmen who weredoing an internship. This activity included a one-day commitment during which upperclassmenshowed lowerclassmen the day-to-day tasks that they perform at work and answered questions.Based on the post-visit reflections collected from the SEECS lowerclassmen who had a jobshadowing, this activity

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Cohan, Pennsylvania State University; Lauren Griggs, Pennsylvania State University; Ryan Hassler; Mark Johnson, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona Campus; Mikhail Kagan, Pennsylvania State University, Ogontz Campus; Amy Freeman, Pennsylvania State University; Peter Butler, Pennsylvania State University; Tonya Peeples, Pennsylvania State University

: thelevel of seriousness of the behavior, the number of times that conduct has been inappropriate, thesafety of the student and those around them, the likelihood of lawsuits or liability to theinstitution if the conduct continues, and the likelihood that this conduct will prevent the student’scontinuing retention or graduation in the future. It is also important to differentiate betweenindividual conduct problems and group conduct problems.Group conduct problems are those that directly affect other program participants. It could becaused by all or a few of the participants, but the outcomes reflect on everyone. The traditionalsummer bridge is built on the idea of building a strong cohort community. Should one studentdisplay public misconduct, the

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ari Sherris; Hua Li, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; David Ramirez; Tushar Sinha, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Francisco Haces Fernandez, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Christine Robbins, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Marisol Pirozzolo, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Mohammad Azayzeh, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Alberto Aguirre, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Danielle Maynard, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Yara Green-Jordan, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; jianhong Ren, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Mariee Cruz Mendoza, Texas A&M University-Kingsville

systemthat is emergent and self-organizing before, during, and after flood planning. In Stage 3, thesorted themes and original email were iteratively reviewed and a list of nearly one hundredresearch questions was produced. In Stage 4, we sorted the resultant questions and begandeveloping strategies to address priority questions.This collaborative model for the identification, planning, and facilitation of convergent solutionseeking processes is adaptable and scalable widely. By outlining this four-stage approach to initialcollaboration, this paper contributes to the implementation of transdisciplinarity to effectivelyaddress the five grand challenges that environmental engineering is facing in the 21st century. Weconclude with reflections on the

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Woolard, Montana State University - Bozeman; Catherine Kirkland, Montana State University - Bozeman; Kathryn Plymesser, Montana State University - Bozeman; Adrienne Phillips, Montana State University - Bozeman; Susan Gallagher, Montana State University - Bozeman; Michelle Miley; Kristen Intemann, Montana State University - Bozeman; Ellen Lauchnor, Montana State University - Bozeman; William Schell, Montana State University - Bozeman

thread contains outcomes related to communication, ethics, social justice, leadership, and teamwork. Professionalism encompasses fundamental skills necessary to communicate effectively with a wide range of audiences and make ethical and just decisions in the practice of their profession. Professionalism thus also includes development of virtues and leadership characteristics. The professionalism thread acknowledges that students develop as professionals over time and with repeated exposure to professional concepts and multiple opportunities to practice and reflect. The systems thinking thread encompasses the skills and behaviors desired of a graduate that will lead them to make design decisions that incorporate

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy - Philosophy of Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Shepard, University of St. Thomas

herexpertise on the topic of empathy in engineering. The same lecture module and assignment weregiven to the first year and senior test groups. The lesson and assignment are discussed in moredetail in [11]. Briefly, the short lecture:  presented the key findings of [1]-[2], [5] to demonstrate the importance of empathy to engineers  described the difference between empathy and sympathy – lesson aided by a short Brené Brown video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Evwgu369Jw  detailed empathic thinking vs. analytic thinking (i.e. mode switching)  explained the utility of attending, paraphrasing and reflecting feeling for demonstrating empathy during communication  identified responses that would not be empathic

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 10: Empathy and Human-centered Design

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ardeshir Raihanian Mashhadi, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico

aboutthe problem, yet they also acknowledged the difficulty of doing so, especially when they feltfairly confident about a particular decision, reflected by the significantly lower values for thesefactors (Figure 1). 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Perspective taking as Empathic concern Protectiveness Perspective taking Perspective taking framing tentativeness abilityFigure 1. Students’ mean scores on expansive empathy subconstructs. Error bars arestandard errors.As both empathic concern and perspective taking as framing included at least two items for eachstakeholder type, we also created variables and compared their means. Students did notdifferentiate between stakeholder types with

Conference Session

Thinking Outside the STEM Box: Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Piyush Pradhananga; Mohamed Elzomor, Florida International University

step. Still,without continuous training and empathy, there is less likely to be any impact on the futureworkforce's unconscious biases and cultural proficiency. Therefore, such unconscious biasestraining needs to be integrated every semester with rigorous reflection, advocacy, andsupervision to achieve sustained change [22].ConclusionThe construction workforce is becoming significantly diverse, and professionals must becomeculturally competent to ensure social sustainability in the workplace. To achieve such anobjective, STEM educators must integrate training/workshops that enhance cultural proficiencyand competency of the future workforce to become aware of cultural stereotypes, racism, andunconscious biases. This research demonstrates the

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rubaya Rahat, Florida International University; Piyush Pradhananga; Mohamed Elzomor, Florida International University; Claudia Calle Müller, Florida International University

insights of Architecture/ Engineering/ Construction (AEC)students in learning resilient, Safe-to-Fail, design strategies through their curricula. The studyinvestigates the factors, that influence students’ interest to learn such novel and emergingconcepts. The study also reflects the students’ preferences to develop a pilot pedagogicalapproach, to integrate such emerging resilient topics in the AEC curricula. Therefore, the studydeveloped a framework as shown in Figure 1 that was implemented in a cross-listed SustainableApproach to Construction course under construction management program in the Fall 2020semester. Registered students for this course were from architecture, engineering, andconstruction majors who participated in this study. The

Conference Session

International Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Homero Murzi, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Tahsin Chowdhury, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Lloyd Morris, Virginia Tech Department of Engineering Education; Jose Torero

20 engagement Time management 12 Mentoring 12 Figure 1. Code counts from the thematic analysisWorkplace preparationAcademics reflected on why they decided to get involved in the projects, and preparing studentsfor the transition into the workforce after graduation was one of them. They mentionedrecognizing the necessary skills required for their students to transition to real-world experiencesin industry or graduate school. One academic described the high-quality research skills studentsacquired for their final thesis project, which might help them when they transition to graduateschool to pursue a

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vanessa Santana, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Greg Strimel, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)

careers in STEM, 2) creating an environment ofacademic excellence and college readiness through experiential learning and 3) providing aholistic and equitable education for all students regardless of their educational attainment orsocioeconomic background. The school model is said to reflect the learning environment withinthe collaborating university’s engineering technology college. Within this school system, thegoal of cultivating an environment of academic excellence and college readiness is said to bedone through a STEM-focused, project-based, experiential learning approach, where studentslearn by seeking to solve real-world problems through industry-partnered projects and designchallenges—mimicking the engineering technology college’s

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 2: Postcard Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Hicks; Michael Preuss; Matthew Alexander, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Rajashekar Mogiligidda, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Mahesh Hosur

three departments within the College ofEngineering, Chemical and Natural Gas Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and ElectricalEngineering and Computer Science, have been enhanced to include team-based design projects.This paper describes the design projects that have been utilized in these courses with anemphasis on the most recent offerings including improvements that were made based onprevious course feedback.As an HSI designated university, a significant percentage of the student population at TAMUK isHispanic. This is also reflected in the composition of students in the College of Engineering.Table 1 provides a detailed look at the percentage of Hispanic/Latinx students in each of theenhanced first-year introductory engineering courses

Conference Session

DEI and Other

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Niloofar Kalantari, George Mason university; Sarah Wittman, George Mason University; Vivian Genaro Motti, George Mason University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Professional Engineering Education Papers

- Positive feedback integrated along with the negative.Based on the experiences of the individuals whose posts we studied, other helpful measures mightinclude providing written summaries of non-vital meetings in addition to or rather than requiringattendance so they can better understand and reflect on the discussion that occurred. For planning,deadlines, and understanding priorities, these individuals may benefit from short (5-10 minute)one-on-one meetings with managers or offers of assistance several times per week or, for personalplanning and deadlines, providing time for quiet reflection.5.2. Autism CommunityStigma and feeling of not fitting in (N=327):As we analyzed the data, we encountered stories about how users on the Autism Subreddit

Conference Session

Capstones and Economics

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

David S Greenburg, The Citadel; Dimitra Michalaka P.E., The Citadel; Tyler Miner; Susan Kahn Huntington

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

atthe end of an iteration or activity, such as the A2000 implementation. The purpose is for the teamto reflect on what happened with an eye towards identifying actions for improvement goingforward. 7 Retrospective sessions revealed that in post software implementation the constantlychanging reporting formats caused confusion in reporting and hampered the ability of uppermanagement to make effective large-scale decisions. This lack of accurate data handling andanalysis resulted in all day meetings with functional managers from all departments to interpretthe data being assessed.By late 2020 the increased processing time coupled with continued sales growth and the leanstaffing began to manifest itself in poor employee performance and moral. It

Collection

2023 Rocky Mountain Section Conference

Authors

Alexis Capitano; John Cook; Kathryn Johnson

toremedy the issue. [12] This is an example of adjusting the course material to reflect aprofessional environment and better prepare students for the transition into their career.CheatingWith the advent of substantial new technology in the classroom comes a great opportunity tooffer new and innovative ways to deliver content to students. From a student perspective,however, technology can also pose an opportunity to subvert the expectations of the classroom.In a study from the University of Michigan it was reported that around 74% of the engineeringstudents surveyed had participated in some form of cheating during their time at university [13].With such high rates of academic dishonesty, in some cases students may be finishing theirdegree with

Conference Session

CPDD Technical Session 1 - Design of Professional Development Curricula

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mitchell Springer, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Kathryne Newton, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)

is highly sought after. Currentwait lists reflect this backed-up demand.What Thoughts Were Given to Job Role Differentiation and Rewards?In business/industry titles and roles map to product life cycle phases. As a project evolves fromConcept Exploration to Operations and Support, different skill sets are required. In the earlyphases of the product life cycle, research and systems thinking/engineering are dominant. As theproduct life cycle moves to the right toward full scale development, systems operation andengineering gives way to product design, development, and systems integration. This left toright transition in the product life cycle requires a transitioning from a higher level of systemsunderstanding to a tactical level of team and

Conference Session

PCEE Technical Session 6: Engineering Design in High School

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachel Figard, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Medha Dalal, Arizona State University; Jacob Roarty; Samantha Nieto, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus; Adam Carberry, Arizona State University

and 8 provide a culminating experience,teaching students that engineering is personal and reflective. In these units, students choose anengineering project personal to them and work in teams to present their solutions.Participants Students of 12 schools across seven US states participated in the study during the2020-21 school year. Schools were co-ed (n = 7), all girls (n = 5), public (n = 6), independent (n= 6), urban (n = 3), suburban (n = 6), and rural (n = 3). There were a total of 107 students whoparticipated in the focus groups; 57 students from five schools during the Fall 2020 term and 50students from the remaining seven schools during the Spring 2021 term. The sample was 69%female.Data Collection and Analysis Semi

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Technical Session 2: Enhancing Energy-Related Education with Student Design Projects

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bala Maheswaran, Northeastern University; Adrian Criollo; Ananya Reghupathi, Northeastern University; Ansh Shah, Northeastern University; Robert Lee, Northeastern University

, we need to write a proposal on the innovation of the system for the final team project, based on the facts, concepts, and reflection of this case study. Fourth, we need to achieve a set of milestones during the process (Appendix 2). Finally, we need to build a prototype to prove the concept, demonstrate the prototype, and write a technical report with defined requirements (Appendix 3).For our energy generation goals, we utilized the use of piezoelectric generators; when stress isapplied to a piezoelectric crystal [15]\, it shrinks and expands the crystals’ structure and thisdeformation expels electrons from the molecule, congregating on the negative side of the sensorwhere they can be collected as an alternating current. This